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Dublin Core
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Title
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Paestum Archaeological Site & Museum
Description
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Poseidonia (later known as Paestum) was established around 600 BC by colonists from Sybaris, an older Greek colony on the south Italian coast. The town seems to have flourished in the intervening centuries, judging from its significant architectural remains--most famously its three large temples, of which impressive ruins survive.
By 400 BC the city had taken on a large number of Lucanians, an Italian people from the surrounding region that spoke an Oscan language. While ancient authors like Strabo (and many modern authors) depict this as a Lucanian "conquest" or "occupation," most scholars now posit that the two cultures existed side-by-side, producing new, blended traditions (as seen in e.g. their tomb paintings).
From 280-275 BC, the city sided with Pyrrhus of Epirus, a warrior-king who invaded from the Greek east, in his war against Rome. The Romans were ultimately victorious, and Poseidonia/Paestum became the site of a Roman colony in 273 BC. As a Roman colony, the civic architecture significantly changed to fall more in line with Roman models, pointing to the power and influence of the new Roman colonists. The city remained inhabited well into the Roman imperial period and into the early middle ages, though it was gradually abandoned by the seventh century.
Creator
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Gabriel Baker
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Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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South Italian Bronze Helmet, Triple-Disc Cuirass, Greaves - Gaudo Tomb 164
Subject
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Location: National Archaeological Museum of Paestum
Date: Early Fourth Century BC
Details: As the south Italian (Lucanian) population of Paestum grew, there is a noticeable shift in the use and typology of grave goods. Whereas earlier graves had included one or two vases and a few other items--largely typical of western Greek burial practice--many graves in the fourth and third century are more richly stocked and clearly point to Italic influences. Wealthier female graves often contain amber jewelry of Italic origin as well as sets of iron fibulae (brooches). Male tombs, on the other hand, often feature the inclusion of weapons and armor.
The bronze armor featured here is typical of southern Italy in the fourth century, most notably in the so-called "triple-disc" cuirass and helmet with feather-plumes. They suggest that the tomb's occupant (or his family) was of at least some status, and point to the martial identity expected of young men throughout fourth century Italy.
Creator
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Gabriel Baker
Rights
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Shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License